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The present study examined the prevalence of and factors associated with the designation of a substitute decision-maker (SDM) in a sample of older Asian Americans. Particular emphasis was placed on cultural factors (ethnicity, time in the United States, English proficiency, acculturation, and cultural belief) that might influence on one’s attitudes toward death and dying or end-of-life decision-making. Data were drawn from the 499 participants aged 60 years and older using the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life survey. Twenty-two percent of the sample had completed a legal document identifying a SDM. Results of a hierarchical logistic regression indicated that ethnicity, time in the United States, English proficiency, and acculturation were significant predictors. By examining the role of cultural factors in predicting SDM designation, the present study provided implications for culturally tailored strategies to help older Asian Americans plan their end-of-life care.